15.7.5.3 Totals and Subtotals

CATEGORIES also controls display of totals and subtotals. By default, or with TOTAL=NO, totals are not displayed. Use TOTAL=YES to display a total. By default, the total is labeled “Total”; use LABEL="_label_ " to override it.

Subtotals are also not displayed by default. To add one or more subtotals, use an explicit category list and insert SUBTOTAL or HSUBTOTAL in the position or positions where the subtotal should appear. The subtotal becomes an extra row or column or layer. HSUBTOTAL additionally hides the categories that make up the subtotal. Either way, the default label is “Subtotal”, use SUBTOTAL="_label_ " or HSUBTOTAL="_label_ " to specify a custom label.

The following example syntax and output show how to use TOTAL=YES and SUBTOTAL:

CTABLES
    /TABLE freqOfDriving
    /CATEGORIES VARIABLES=freqOfDriving [OTHERNM, SUBTOTAL='Valid Total',
                                         MISSING, SUBTOTAL='Missing Total']
                                        TOTAL=YES LABEL='Overall Total'.

		Count
1. How often do you usually drive a car or other motor vehicle?	Every day	4667
Several days a week	1274
Once a week or less	361
Only certain times a year	130
Never	540
Valid Total	6972
Don't know	8
Refused	19
Missing Total	27
Overall Total	6999

By default, or with POSITION=AFTER, totals are displayed in the output after the last category and subtotals apply to categories that precede them. With POSITION=BEFORE, totals come before the first category and subtotals apply to categories that follow them.

Only categorical variables may have totals and subtotals. Scalar variables may be “totaled” indirectly by enabling totals and subtotals on a categorical variable within which the scalar variable is summarized. For example, the following syntax produces a mean, count, and valid count across all data by adding a total on the categorical region variable, as shown:

CTABLES /TABLE=region > monthDaysMin1drink [MEAN, VALIDN]
    /CATEGORIES VARIABLES=region TOTAL=YES LABEL='All regions'.

			Mean	Count	Valid N
20. On how many of the thirty days in this typical month did you have one or more alcoholic beverages to drink?	Region	NE	5.6	1409	945
MW	5.0	1654	1026
S	6.0	2390	1285
W	6.5	1546	953
All regions	5.8	6999	4209

By default, PSPP uses the same summary functions for totals and subtotals as other categories. To summarize totals and subtotals differently, specify the summary functions for totals and subtotals after the ordinary summary functions inside a nested set of [] following TOTALS. For example, the following syntax displays COUNT for individual categories and totals and VALIDN for totals, as shown:

CTABLES
    /TABLE isLicensedDriver [COUNT, TOTALS[COUNT, VALIDN]]
    /CATEGORIES VARIABLES=isLicensedDriver TOTAL=YES MISSING=INCLUDE.

		Count	Valid N
D7a. Are you a licensed driver; that is, do you have a valid driver's license?	Yes	6379
No	572
Don't know	4
Refused	44
Total	6999	6951