API Reference

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Overview

This section provides the complete MaìLang API reference, including the type system, operators, built-in functions, and error codes.

Contents

• Type System — detailed description of every type
• Operators — operator precedence and behavior
• Built-in Functions — standard library function reference
• Error Codes — error codes and messages

Quick Reference

Primitive Types

Type	Size	Range	Example
int	8 bytes	-2^63 ~ 2^63-1	42
float	8 bytes	IEEE 754	3.14
bool	1 byte	true/false	true
str	variable	UTF-8	"hello"
char	4 bytes	Unicode	'A'
null	0 bytes	—	null

Composite Types

Type	Syntax	Example
Array	[T]	[1, 2, 3]
Map	{K: V}	{"a": 1}
Tuple	(T1, T2)	(1, "a")
Result	Result<T, E>	Ok(42) / Err("msg")
Option	Option<T>	Some(42) / None

Operator Precedence

Precedence	Operators	Associativity
14	()	—
13	**	right
12	- ! ~	right
11	* / %	left
10	+ -	left
9	<< >>	left
8	&	left
7	^	left
6	|	left
5	== != < <= > >=	left
4	&&	left
3	||	left
2	assignment	right
1	,	left

Control Flow

if condition { ... } elif condition { ... } else { ... }
for item in iterable { ... }
while condition { ... }
match value { pattern => expr, ... }
return value
break
continue

Functions

fn name(param: Type = default) -> ReturnType {
    // body
}

Classes

class Name extends Parent implements Trait {
    let property: Type
    fn init(param: Type) { ... }
    fn method() -> Type { ... }
}

Traits

trait Name {
    fn required() -> Type
    fn default() -> Type { ... }
}